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2007 Assessment

Mozambique: Integrity Indicators Scorecard

Mozambique: Integrity Scorecard Report > Sub-Category: Civil Society Organizations
Indicators		Score
1	Are anti-corruption/good governance CSOs legally protected?	67
2	Are good governance/anti-corruption CSOs able to operate freely?	75
3	Are civil society activists safe when working on corruption issues?	100
4	Can citizens organize into trade unions?	88

Indicator and sub-Indicator Details

Are anti-corruption/good governance CSOs legally protected?

1a: In law, citizens have a right to form civil society organizations (CSOs) focused on anti-corruption or good governance.

Score:

YES

Comments:

References: Law 6/91 dated 18 of July

1b: In law, anti-corruption/good governance CSOs are free to accept funding from any foreign or domestic sources.

Score:

YES

Comments:

References: Law 6/91 dated 18 of July

1c: In law, anti-corruption/good governance CSOs are required to disclose their sources of funding.

Score:

YES

Comments:

References: According to the Associations Law (6/91dated 18th July) there is no legal requirement for disclose of sources of funding.

Are good governance/anti-corruption CSOs able to operate freely?

2a: In practice, the government does not create barriers to the organization of new anti-corruption/good governance CSOs.

Score:

100

Comments:

References: Interview with Marcelo Mosse, Executive Director of the Center for Public Integrity of Mozambique (CIP--Centro de Integridade Publica de Mocambique), held on 8/15/07.

Interview with Ericino de Salema, journalist and research coordinator at the Mozambique branch of the Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA), held on 8/16/07 at Cafe Wimby.

Peer Review Comments: I should say that CSOs operate freely as long as powerful high-ranking officials and their relatives or associates do not feel they are threatened. If the interests of the most powerful are at stake, barriers may be raised to make the actions of CSOs ineffective.

2b: In practice, anti-corruption/good governance CSOs actively engage in the political and policymaking process.

Score:

100

Comments:

References: Interview with Marcelo Mosse, Executive Director of the Center for Public Integrity of Mozambique (CIP--Centro de Integridade Publica de Mocambique), held on 8/15/07.

Interview with Ericino de Salema, journalist and research coordinator at the Mozambique branch of the Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA), held on 8/16/07 at Cafe Wimby.

2c: In practice, no anti-corruption/good governance CSOs have been shut down by the government for their work on corruption-related issues during the study period.

Score:

YES

$Scoring Criteria :: YES: A YES score is earned is there were no CSOs shut down by the government or forced to cease operations because of their work on corruption-related issues during the study period. NO: A NO score is earned if any CSO has been effectively shut down by the government or forced to cease operations because of its work on corruption-related issues during the study period. The causal relationship between the cessation of operations and the CSO\'s work may not be explicit, however the burden of proof here is low. If it seems likely that the CSO was forced to cease operations due to its work, then the indicator is scored as a NO. Corruption is defined broadly to include any abuses of power, not just the passing of bribes.$

Comments:

References: Interview with Marcelo Mosse, Executive Director of the Center for Public Integrity of Mozambique (CIP--Centro de Integridade Publica de Mocambique), held on 8/15/07.

Interview with Ericino de Salema, journalist and research coordinator at the Mozambique branch of the Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA), held on 8/16/07 at Cafe Wimby.

Peer Review Comments: I agree with the Yes answer, but it is important to note that while a CSO may not be shut down, its actions may be ineffective because of specific informal actions of some government officials.

Are civil society activists safe when working on corruption issues?

3a: In practice, in the past year, no civil society activists working on corruption issues have been imprisoned.

Score:

YES

$Scoring Criteria :: YES: A YES score is earned if there were no CSO activists imprisoned because of their work covering corruption. YES is a positive score. NO: A NO score is earned if any activist was jailed in relation to work covering corruption. The causal relationship between the official charges and the person\'s work may not be explicit, however the burden of proof here is low. If it seems likely that the person was imprisoned due to his or her work, then the indicator is scored as a NO. Corruption is defined broadly to include any abuses of power, not just the passing of bribes.$

Comments:

References: Interview with Marcelo Mosse, Executive Director of the Center for Public Integrity of Mozambique (CIP--Centro de Integridade Publica de Mocambique), held on 8/15/07.

Interview with Ericino de Salema, journalist and research coordinator at the Mozambique branch of the Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA), held on 8/16/07 at Cafe Wimby.

Peer Review Comments: The yes answer means that it is difficult or impossible to prove that an activist imprisonment was caused by his/her working on corruption issues. Sometimes it is easy for the government to find or make up a reason to imprison someone who happens to be an activist and claim that the reason is not related to corruption issues.

3b: In practice, in the past year, no civil society activists working on corruption issues have been physically harmed.

Score:

YES

$Scoring Criteria :: YES: A YES score is earned if there were no documented cases of CSO activists covering corruption being assaulted in the specific study period. A YES score can be earned if there was an attack but it was clearly unrelated to the activist\'s work. YES is a positive score. NO: A NO score is earned if there were any documented cases during the study period of assault to an activist who covers corruption. Corruption is defined broadly to include any abuses of power, not just the passing of bribes.$

Comments:

References: Interview with Marcelo Mosse, Executive Director of the Center for Public Integrity of Mozambique (CIP--Centro de Integridade Publica de Mocambique), held on 8/15/07.

Interview with Ericino de Salema, journalist and research coordinator at the Mozambique branch of the Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA), held on 8/16/07 at Cafe Wimby.

Peer Review Comments: Yes means there was not proof linking someone's physical harm to corruption activities.

3c: In practice, in the past year, no civil society activists working on corruption issues have been killed.

Score:

YES

$Scoring Criteria :: YES: A YES score is earned if there were no documented cases of CSO activists being killed because of their work covering corruption in the specific study period. YES is a positive score. NO: A NO score is earned if there were any documented cases during the study period where a person was killed related to a corruption trial, scandal or investigation. The relationship between a mysterious death and an individual\'s history may not be clear, however the burden of proof here is low. If it is reasonable that a person was killed in relation to his or her work on corruption issues, then the indicator is scored as a NO. Corruption is defined broadly to include any abuses of power, not just the passing of bribes.$

Comments:

References: Interview with Marcelo Mosse, Executive Director of the Center for Public Integrity of Mozambique (CIP--Centro de Integridade Publica de Mocambique), held on 8/15/07.

Interview with Ericino de Salema, journalist and research coordinator at the Mozambique branch of the Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA), held on 8/16/07 at Cafe Wimby.

Peer Review Comments: Yes means there was no reason to link a death to corruption activities.

Can citizens organize into trade unions?

4a: In law, citizens have a right to organize into trade unions.

Score:

YES

Comments:

References: Law 23/91 dated 31st of December.

4b: In practice, citizens are able to organize into trade unions.

Score:

100

Comments: The source said that there is much freedom within the private sector and less freedom withingthe public sector, where employees face barriers to forming a union.

References: Phone interview with David Mazoio, OTM-Central Sindical, held on 8/16/07